The market

The protocols in this study have collected $84.0bn in fees since 2018. The busiest single month was January 2025 at $3.3bn; the most recent complete month, August 2026, came in at $1.9bn, 59% of that peak.

Against its own history the market fee multiple sits at the 50th percentile of the last 206 weeks. The index is chain-linked, its constituent count rising from 13 at the start of the window to 60 today. The range over that window runs from 88 to 329, against 197 today. That is a statement about a ratio and its own past, and about nothing else.
Protocol fees collected2020-09 $0.08bn; 2021-03 $0.23bn; 2021-09 $0.87bn; 2022-03 $0.63bn; 2022-09 $0.49bn; 2023-03 $0.78bn; 2023-09 $0.69bn; 2024-03 $1.56bn; 2024-09 $1.06bn; 2025-03 $1.70bn; 2025-09 $2.62bn; 2026-03 $1.71bn$0bn$1bn$2bn$3bnProtocol fees collected, per month2020-09: $85M2020-10: $47M2020-11: $50M2020-12: $67M2021-01: $165M2021-02: $232M2021-03: $232M2021-04: $320M2021-05: $725M2021-06: $338M2021-07: $475M2021-08: $971M2021-09: $870M2021-10: $1.0bn2021-11: $1.2bn2021-12: $934M2022-01: $1.2bn2022-02: $810M2022-03: $626M2022-04: $775M2022-05: $671M2022-06: $462M2022-07: $437M2022-08: $516M2022-09: $495M2022-10: $534M2022-11: $619M2022-12: $536M2023-01: $647M2023-02: $675M2023-03: $780M2023-04: $733M2023-05: $822M2023-06: $700M2023-07: $748M2023-08: $749M2023-09: $695M2023-10: $721M2023-11: $851M2023-12: $1.1bn2024-01: $1.0bn2024-02: $1.1bn2024-03: $1.6bn2024-04: $1.4bn2024-05: $1.3bn2024-06: $1.3bn2024-07: $1.3bn2024-08: $1.2bn2024-09: $1.1bn2024-10: $1.5bn2024-11: $2.4bn2024-12: $2.5bn2025-01: $3.3bnpeak $3.28bn2025-02: $2.1bn2025-03: $1.7bn2025-04: $1.7bn2025-05: $2.2bn2025-06: $1.9bn2025-07: $2.3bn2025-08: $2.5bn2025-09: $2.6bn2025-10: $2.9bn2025-11: $2.2bn2025-12: $1.9bn2026-01: $2.1bn2026-02: $1.7bn2026-03: $1.7bn2026-04: $1.7bn2026-05: $1.7bn2026-06: $1.7bn2026-07: $1.8bn2026-08: $1.9bn202120222023202420252026
The multiple over timeAggregate price-to-fees by week, 2022-09-26 to 2026-09-07. Long-run median 197.3x; peak 328.7x at 2024-09-23; trough 87.9x at 2024-01-01; latest 197.1x0x100x200x300xWhat the market pays for a dollar of annual feeschain-linked, 13 constituents rising to 60; shaded above the long-run median means dearer than its own history, below means cheaperlong-run median 197.3x2022-09-26: 167.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-10-03: 185.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-10-17: 198.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2022-10-24: 198.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2022-10-31: 178.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-11-07: 116.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-11-14: 95.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-11-21: 90.6x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-11-28: 97.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-12-05: 104.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-12-12: 157.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-12-19: 166.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2022-12-26: 189.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-01-02: 216.9x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-01-09: 227.8x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-01-16: 252.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-01-23: 233.8x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-01-30: 197.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-02-06: 180.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-02-13: 153.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-02-20: 156.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-02-27: 158.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-03-06: 150.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-03-13: 150.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-03-20: 171.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-03-27: 163.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-04-03: 158.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-04-10: 187.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-04-17: 183.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-04-24: 191.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-05-01: 183.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-05-08: 124.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-05-15: 109.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-05-22: 105.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-05-29: 104.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-06-05: 119.6x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-06-12: 147.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-06-19: 178.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-06-26: 201.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-07-03: 212.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-07-10: 229.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-07-17: 228.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-07-24: 226.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-07-31: 232.1x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-08-07: 241.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-08-14: 243.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-08-21: 212.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-08-28: 221.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-09-04: 205.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-09-11: 204.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-09-18: 214.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-09-25: 213.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-10-02: 224.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-10-09: 234.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-10-16: 248.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-10-23: 295.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-10-30: 265.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-11-06: 228.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2023-11-13: 157.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-11-20: 123.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-11-27: 119.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-12-04: 128.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-12-11: 119.3x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-12-18: 105.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2023-12-25: 92.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-01-01: 87.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-01-08: 91.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-01-15: 95.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-01-22: 106.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-01-29: 135.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-02-05: 146.3x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-02-12: 184.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-02-19: 190.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-02-26: 205.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-03-04: 189.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-03-11: 182.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-03-18: 141.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-03-25: 151.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-04-01: 146.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-04-08: 167.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-04-15: 145.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-04-22: 120.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-04-29: 106.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-05-06: 121.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-05-13: 138.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-05-20: 207.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-05-27: 227.1x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-06-03: 229.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-06-10: 181.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-06-17: 163.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-06-24: 159.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-07-01: 165.6x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-07-08: 185.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-07-15: 221.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-07-22: 226.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-07-29: 220.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-08-05: 181.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-08-12: 204.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-08-19: 221.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-08-26: 233.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-09-02: 271.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-09-09: 282.9x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-09-16: 301.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-09-23: 328.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-09-30: 298.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-10-07: 285.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-10-14: 271.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-10-21: 240.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-10-28: 239.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-11-04: 225.8x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-11-11: 224.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2024-11-18: 195.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-11-25: 166.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-12-02: 152.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-12-09: 138.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-12-16: 148.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-12-23: 148.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2024-12-30: 146.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-01-06: 156.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-01-13: 167.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-01-20: 157.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-01-27: 140.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-02-03: 128.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-02-10: 129.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-02-17: 154.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-02-24: 161.3x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-03-03: 181.9x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-03-10: 178.6x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-03-17: 200.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-03-24: 234.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-03-31: 263.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-04-07: 241.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-04-14: 263.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-04-21: 295.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-04-28: 290.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-05-05: 317.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-05-12: 302.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-05-19: 278.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-05-26: 270.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-06-02: 247.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-06-09: 259.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-06-16: 246.8x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-06-23: 256.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-06-30: 269.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-07-07: 271.1x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-07-14: 288.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-07-21: 263.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-07-28: 241.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-08-04: 215.1x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-08-11: 212.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-08-18: 194.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-08-25: 182.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-09-01: 178.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-09-08: 178.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-09-15: 180.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-09-22: 171.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-09-29: 157.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-10-06: 152.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-10-13: 132.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-10-20: 130.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-10-27: 151.3x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-11-03: 146.4x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-11-10: 170.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-11-17: 155.0x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-11-24: 154.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-12-01: 180.8x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-12-08: 196.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2025-12-15: 197.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-12-22: 212.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2025-12-29: 223.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-01-05: 228.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-01-12: 233.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-01-19: 207.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-01-26: 198.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-02-02: 154.7x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2026-02-09: 133.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2026-02-16: 147.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2026-02-23: 152.5x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2026-03-02: 191.2x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)2026-03-09: 216.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-03-16: 232.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-03-23: 226.6x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-03-30: 224.9x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-04-06: 243.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-04-13: 256.9x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-04-20: 258.8x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-04-27: 253.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-05-04: 258.4x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-05-11: 253.9x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-05-18: 253.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-05-25: 253.1x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-06-01: 223.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-06-08: 200.1x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-06-15: 217.9x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-06-22: 214.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-06-29: 204.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-07-06: 235.8x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-07-13: 239.0x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-07-20: 238.7x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-07-27: 228.9x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-08-03: 225.1x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-08-10: 222.2x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-08-17: 221.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-08-24: 241.5x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-08-31: 210.3x (dearer than the 197.3x median)2026-09-07: 197.1x (cheaper than the 197.3x median)peak 329xlow 88xtoday 197.1x2022-092023-032023-092024-032024-092025-022025-082026-022026-08
Where the multiple sits in its own rangeCurrent price-to-fees 197, the 50th percentile of 206 weeks ranging 88 to 329Today's multiple against its own historyCHEAPER on fees than its own historyDEARER on fees than its own historyp088p25155median198p75232p100329today: 197, the 50th percentiletoday 19750th percentile of 206 weeks

Multiples by category

Across 484 tokens with a computable multiple, the median price-to-fees is 26.8. The mean is 492,102, which is 18,375 times the median, and that is why neither it nor a standard deviation appears anywhere in this report. What follows is the middle half of each category and its median.

The spread between categories is the first thing to read. Dexs sits at a median of 18.7 across 130 projects, while Chain sits at 4,872.2. No single number describes the crypto multiple, and a benchmark drawn from the wrong category is worse than none.
Price to fees by categoryDexs median 18.7, middle half 5.3 to 102.6 (n=130); Lending median 7.7, middle half 2.1 to 48.6 (n=45); Chain median 4,872.2, middle half 1,482.8 to 39,289.2 (n=30); Derivatives median 37.7, middle half 12.2 to 94.7 (n=28); Liquid Staking median 6.7, middle half 1.1 to 36.6 (n=25); Yield median 39.6, middle half 12.6 to 2,206.5 (n=17); Launchpad median 19.7, middle half 2.7 to 143.0 (n=16); CDP median 14.3, middle half 3.8 to 476.5 (n=13); Interface median 187.3, middle half 11.8 to 1,251.4 (n=11); DEX Aggregator median 5.3, middle half 3.4 to 13.7 (n=11)Price to fees by categoryeach row is one category: how many projects, the middle half as a bar, and the median in the dot1101001.0k10.0kDexs130Dexs: middle half 5.3 to 102.6Dexs: median 18.7 across 130 projects18.7Lending45Lending: middle half 2.1 to 48.6Lending: median 7.7 across 45 projects7.7Chain30Chain: middle half 1,482.8 to 39,289.2Chain: median 4,872.2 across 30 projects4.9kDerivatives28Derivatives: middle half 12.2 to 94.7Derivatives: median 37.7 across 28 projects37.7Liquid Staking25Liquid Staking: middle half 1.1 to 36.6Liquid Staking: median 6.7 across 25 projects6.7Yield17Yield: middle half 12.6 to 2,206.5Yield: median 39.6 across 17 projects39.6Launchpad16Launchpad: middle half 2.7 to 143.0Launchpad: median 19.7 across 16 projects19.7CDP13CDP: middle half 3.8 to 476.5CDP: median 14.3 across 13 projects14.3Interface11Interface: middle half 11.8 to 1,251.4Interface: median 187.3 across 11 projects187DEX Aggregator11DEX Aggregator: middle half 3.4 to 13.7DEX Aggregator: median 5.3 across 11 projects5.3

Where the fees actually go

A protocol does not keep the fees it collects. Of 482 projects collecting fees, 119 keep less than a tenth of them and 160 keep more than nine tenths. The middle is thin. This is not a spectrum with most of the market in the centre; it is two business models sharing one metric, and which one a project is running changes what its fee line means.

The consequence for valuation is direct. Price-to-fees and price-to-revenue are the same number for a protocol that retains everything, and differ by an order of magnitude for one that passes its fees to liquidity providers. Comparing the two across that divide compares nothing.
Share of fees the protocol keeps0-10% kept by 119 protocols; 10-20% kept by 63 protocols; 20-30% kept by 40 protocols; 30-40% kept by 29 protocols; 40-50% kept by 18 protocols; 50-60% kept by 19 protocols; 60-70% kept by 10 protocols; 70-80% kept by 15 protocols; 80-90% kept by 9 protocols; 90-100% kept by 160 protocolsHow much of its own fees a protocol keeps040801201600-10% kept: 119 protocols1190-1010-20% kept: 63 protocols6310-2020-30% kept: 40 protocols4020-3030-40% kept: 29 protocols2930-4040-50% kept: 18 protocols1840-5050-60% kept: 19 protocols1950-6060-70% kept: 10 protocols1060-7070-80% kept: 15 protocols1570-8080-90% kept: 9 protocols980-9090-100% kept: 160 protocols16090-100share of fees kept, %

The outliers

Every project on the chart below is measured against the median of its own category, so a chain is judged against chains. The distances are the finding: the dearest project in most categories trades at hundreds or thousands of times its peer median, which is another way of saying that for much of this market the fee line is not what sets the price.
Cheapest and dearest against the category medianDexs: SWAP at 0.01x the median, VELO at 3,352x; Lending: JOULE at 0.04x the median, BONZO at 9,291x; Chain: CC at 0.00x the median, PEAQ at 2,930x; Derivatives: FAF at 0.01x the median, SNX at 72x; Liquid Staking: SWISE at 0.05x the median, APR at 417x; Yield: CLOUD at 0.01x the median, PEAS at 53,815x; Launchpad: SELECT at 0.02x the median, SEND at 33,089x; CDP: YALA at 0.03x the median, POLLEN at 58x; Interface: PEPTI at 0.00x the median, C98 at 112x; DEX Aggregator: VLR at 0.05x the median, VULT at 11xCheapest and dearest, against their own category medianeach row spans one category, on a log scale; 1x is that category's median0.01x0.1xmedian10x100x1kx10kx100kxDexsSWAP is the cheapest in Dexs, 0.01x its medianVELO is the dearest in Dexs, 3,352x its medianSWAPVELO3,352xLendingJOULE is the cheapest in Lending, 0.04x its medianBONZO is the dearest in Lending, 9,291x its medianJOULEBONZO9,291xChainCC is the cheapest in Chain, 0.00x its medianPEAQ is the dearest in Chain, 2,930x its medianCCPEAQ2,930xDerivativesFAF is the cheapest in Derivatives, 0.01x its medianSNX is the dearest in Derivatives, 72x its medianFAFSNX72xLiquid StakingSWISE is the cheapest in Liquid Staking, 0.05x its medianAPR is the dearest in Liquid Staking, 417x its medianSWISEAPR417xYieldCLOUD is the cheapest in Yield, 0.01x its medianPEAS is the dearest in Yield, 53,815x its medianCLOUDPEAS53,815xLaunchpadSELECT is the cheapest in Launchpad, 0.02x its medianSEND is the dearest in Launchpad, 33,089x its medianSELECTSEND33,089xCDPYALA is the cheapest in CDP, 0.03x its medianPOLLEN is the dearest in CDP, 58x its medianYALAPOLLEN58xInterfacePEPTI is the cheapest in Interface, 0.00x its medianC98 is the dearest in Interface, 112x its medianPEPTIC98112xDEX AggregatorVLR is the cheapest in DEX Aggregator, 0.05x its medianVULT is the dearest in DEX Aggregator, 11x its medianVLRVULT11x

Credits and Disclaimers

Data Source: Protocol fees and revenue are sourced from DefiLlama; token prices, market capitalisation and supply from CoinGecko. Both are read through their public APIs. Historical diluted value is reconstructed as price multiplied by maximum supply, which does not change, so no supply history is required. Methodology: Price-to-fees is fully diluted market capitalisation divided by gross fees over the last 30 days, annualised. Price-to-revenue uses the portion of those fees the protocol retains. A protocol with no token has no multiple and is excluded rather than counted as zero. Categories are DefiLlama's own, taken from the parent protocol so that a project is not filed under one of its adapters. On medians rather than averages: the distribution of multiples is not one a mean describes. Across the set the mean is several thousand times the median and the standard deviation is larger than the mean, so both are reported nowhere in this document. Medians and interquartile ranges are used throughout, and the number of projects behind every figure is stated. On the chain-linked index: each week's move is measured only over the tokens present in both that week and the one before, and those moves are multiplied together. Membership grows as protocols accumulate history, and a token joining never moves the level, so a change in the index is a change in the market rather than a change in who is being measured. The constituent count is stated with the chart and on every row of the underlying series. Accuracy Disclaimer: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in this report, FinDaS does not guarantee the completeness, accuracy, or reliability of the data. Users are advised to independently verify the information before making any business decisions based on the content of this report. Not investment advice: This report describes ratios and their history. Nothing in it is a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any asset, and it does not take account of any reader's circumstances. Copyright Notice: This report is the intellectual property of FinDaS and is protected by copyright law. Unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or sharing of this report, in whole or in part, without the explicit permission of FinDaS is strictly prohibited. All rights reserved. Limitation of Liability: FinDaS shall not be held liable for any errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in the data presented in this report, nor for any actions taken in reliance thereon.