The market

The protocols in this study have collected $86.5bn in fees since 2018. The busiest single month was January 2025 at $3.3bn; the most recent complete month, September 2026, came in at $2.5bn, 76% of that peak.

Against its own history the market fee multiple sits at the 38th percentile of the last 208 weeks. The index is chain-linked, its constituent count rising from 10 at the start of the window to 60 today. The range over that window runs from 82 to 336, against 176 today. That is a statement about a ratio and its own past, and about nothing else.
Protocol fees collected2020-10 $0.05bn; 2021-04 $0.32bn; 2021-10 $1.00bn; 2022-04 $0.77bn; 2022-10 $0.53bn; 2023-04 $0.73bn; 2023-10 $0.72bn; 2024-04 $1.36bn; 2024-10 $1.46bn; 2025-04 $1.69bn; 2025-10 $2.92bn; 2026-04 $1.67bn$0bn$1bn$2bn$3bnProtocol fees collected, per month2020-10: $47M2020-11: $50M2020-12: $67M2021-01: $165M2021-02: $232M2021-03: $232M2021-04: $320M2021-05: $725M2021-06: $338M2021-07: $475M2021-08: $971M2021-09: $870M2021-10: $1.0bn2021-11: $1.2bn2021-12: $934M2022-01: $1.2bn2022-02: $810M2022-03: $626M2022-04: $775M2022-05: $671M2022-06: $462M2022-07: $437M2022-08: $516M2022-09: $495M2022-10: $534M2022-11: $619M2022-12: $536M2023-01: $647M2023-02: $675M2023-03: $780M2023-04: $733M2023-05: $822M2023-06: $700M2023-07: $748M2023-08: $749M2023-09: $695M2023-10: $721M2023-11: $851M2023-12: $1.1bn2024-01: $1.0bn2024-02: $1.1bn2024-03: $1.6bn2024-04: $1.4bn2024-05: $1.3bn2024-06: $1.3bn2024-07: $1.3bn2024-08: $1.2bn2024-09: $1.1bn2024-10: $1.5bn2024-11: $2.4bn2024-12: $2.5bn2025-01: $3.3bnpeak $3.28bn2025-02: $2.1bn2025-03: $1.7bn2025-04: $1.7bn2025-05: $2.2bn2025-06: $1.9bn2025-07: $2.3bn2025-08: $2.5bn2025-09: $2.6bn2025-10: $2.9bn2025-11: $2.2bn2025-12: $1.9bn2026-01: $2.1bn2026-02: $1.7bn2026-03: $1.7bn2026-04: $1.7bn2026-05: $1.7bn2026-06: $1.7bn2026-07: $1.8bn2026-08: $1.9bn2026-09: $2.5bn202120222023202420252026
The multiple over timeAggregate price-to-fees by week, 2022-10-10 to 2026-09-28. Long-run median 193.2x; peak 336.0x at 2024-09-23; trough 82.1x at 2024-01-01; latest 176.3x0x100x200x300xWhat the market pays for a dollar of annual feeschain-linked, 10 constituents rising to 60; shaded above the long-run median means dearer than its own history, below means cheaperlong-run median 193.2x2022-10-10: 186.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-10-17: 196.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2022-10-24: 196.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2022-10-31: 174.8x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-11-07: 107.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-11-14: 93.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-11-21: 92.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-11-28: 99.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-12-05: 111.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-12-12: 158.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-12-19: 170.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2022-12-26: 190.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-01-02: 216.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-01-09: 236.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-01-16: 243.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-01-23: 233.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-01-30: 198.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-02-06: 168.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-02-13: 166.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-02-20: 158.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-02-27: 156.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-03-06: 146.8x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-03-13: 149.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-03-20: 163.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-03-27: 162.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-04-03: 154.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-04-10: 188.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-04-17: 179.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-04-24: 188.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-05-01: 181.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-05-08: 117.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-05-15: 109.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-05-22: 101.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-05-29: 102.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-06-05: 125.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-06-12: 142.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-06-19: 187.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-06-26: 201.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-07-03: 210.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-07-10: 223.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-07-17: 226.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-07-24: 227.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-07-31: 227.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-08-07: 237.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-08-14: 231.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-08-21: 215.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-08-28: 217.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-09-04: 204.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-09-11: 203.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-09-18: 215.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-09-25: 213.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-10-02: 222.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-10-09: 229.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-10-16: 248.7x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-10-23: 293.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-10-30: 266.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-11-06: 217.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2023-11-13: 156.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-11-20: 123.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-11-27: 117.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-12-04: 123.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-12-11: 121.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-12-18: 103.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2023-12-25: 90.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-01-01: 82.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-01-08: 91.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-01-15: 95.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-01-22: 106.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-01-29: 133.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-02-05: 150.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-02-12: 186.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-02-19: 191.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-02-26: 207.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-03-04: 180.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-03-11: 180.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-03-18: 148.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-03-25: 147.8x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-04-01: 144.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-04-08: 166.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-04-15: 141.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-04-22: 115.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-04-29: 107.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-05-06: 121.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-05-13: 147.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-05-20: 216.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-05-27: 222.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-06-03: 221.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-06-10: 176.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-06-17: 163.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-06-24: 159.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-07-01: 161.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-07-08: 186.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-07-15: 221.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-07-22: 217.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-07-29: 211.2x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-08-05: 181.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-08-12: 199.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-08-19: 229.7x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-08-26: 242.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-09-02: 294.7x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-09-09: 314.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-09-16: 331.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-09-23: 336.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-09-30: 300.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-10-07: 280.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-10-14: 267.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-10-21: 238.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-10-28: 236.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-11-04: 226.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-11-11: 222.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-11-18: 193.7x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2024-11-25: 166.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-12-02: 155.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-12-09: 141.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-12-16: 144.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-12-23: 149.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2024-12-30: 151.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-01-06: 156.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-01-13: 174.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-01-20: 148.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-01-27: 144.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-02-03: 129.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-02-10: 131.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-02-17: 159.8x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-02-24: 156.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-03-03: 192.8x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-03-10: 185.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-03-17: 211.7x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-03-24: 244.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-03-31: 265.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-04-07: 262.7x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-04-14: 269.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-04-21: 297.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-04-28: 293.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-05-05: 325.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-05-12: 298.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-05-19: 290.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-05-26: 265.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-06-02: 243.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-06-09: 257.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-06-16: 253.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-06-23: 265.5x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-06-30: 278.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-07-07: 277.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-07-14: 275.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-07-21: 247.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-07-28: 224.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-08-04: 202.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-08-11: 206.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-08-18: 190.8x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-08-25: 181.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-09-01: 177.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-09-08: 181.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-09-15: 181.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-09-22: 165.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-09-29: 158.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-10-06: 150.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-10-13: 132.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-10-20: 132.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-10-27: 146.5x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-11-03: 150.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-11-10: 165.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-11-17: 154.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-11-24: 162.8x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-12-01: 184.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-12-08: 189.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2025-12-15: 195.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-12-22: 212.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2025-12-29: 218.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-01-05: 221.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-01-12: 228.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-01-19: 202.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-01-26: 187.9x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-02-02: 139.1x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-02-09: 134.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-02-16: 144.0x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-02-23: 159.4x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-03-02: 195.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-03-09: 214.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-03-16: 219.1x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-03-23: 221.9x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-03-30: 215.4x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-04-06: 237.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-04-13: 255.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-04-20: 251.8x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-04-27: 244.2x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-05-04: 251.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-05-11: 244.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-05-18: 253.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-05-25: 236.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-06-01: 206.2x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-06-08: 198.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-06-15: 207.2x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-06-22: 202.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-06-29: 207.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-07-06: 227.6x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-07-13: 230.7x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-07-20: 228.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-07-27: 218.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-08-03: 217.0x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-08-10: 212.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-08-17: 225.5x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-08-24: 229.2x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-08-31: 201.3x (dearer than the 193.2x median)2026-09-07: 179.7x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-09-14: 160.2x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-09-21: 173.6x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)2026-09-28: 176.3x (cheaper than the 193.2x median)peak 336xlow 82xtoday 176.3x2022-102023-042023-102024-042024-102025-042025-102026-04
Where the multiple sits in its own rangeCurrent price-to-fees 176, the 38th percentile of 208 weeks ranging 82 to 336Today's multiple against its own historyCHEAPER on fees than its own historyDEARER on fees than its own historyp082p25156median194p75228p100336today: 176, the 38th percentiletoday 17638th percentile of 208 weeks

Multiples by category

Across 507 tokens with a computable multiple, the median price-to-fees is 25.4. The mean is 61,692, which is 2,430 times the median, and that is why neither it nor a standard deviation appears anywhere in this report. What follows is the middle half of each category and its median.

The spread between categories is the first thing to read. Dexs sits at a median of 18.3 across 134 projects, while Chain sits at 7,464.6. No single number describes the crypto multiple, and a benchmark drawn from the wrong category is worse than none.
Price to fees by categoryDexs median 18.3, middle half 3.6 to 105.7 (n=134); Lending median 9.8, middle half 2.2 to 54.0 (n=48); Chain median 7,464.6, middle half 1,356.8 to 27,331.9 (n=30); Derivatives median 42.7, middle half 12.8 to 148.7 (n=27); Liquid Staking median 4.6, middle half 0.7 to 16.1 (n=27); Launchpad median 15.1, middle half 2.5 to 223.4 (n=21); Yield median 56.3, middle half 16.1 to 194.0 (n=17); CDP median 16.0, middle half 4.2 to 358.7 (n=13); RWA median 25.4, middle half 9.5 to 341.9 (n=13); DEX Aggregator median 10.3, middle half 5.4 to 16.3 (n=12)Price to fees by categoryeach row is one category: how many projects, the middle half as a bar, and the median in the dot1101001.0k10.0kDexs134Dexs: middle half 3.6 to 105.7Dexs: median 18.3 across 134 projects18.3Lending48Lending: middle half 2.2 to 54.0Lending: median 9.8 across 48 projects9.8Chain30Chain: middle half 1,356.8 to 27,331.9Chain: median 7,464.6 across 30 projects7.5kDerivatives27Derivatives: middle half 12.8 to 148.7Derivatives: median 42.7 across 27 projects42.7Liquid Staking27Liquid Staking: middle half 0.7 to 16.1Liquid Staking: median 4.6 across 27 projects4.6Launchpad21Launchpad: middle half 2.5 to 223.4Launchpad: median 15.1 across 21 projects15.1Yield17Yield: middle half 16.1 to 194.0Yield: median 56.3 across 17 projects56.3CDP13CDP: middle half 4.2 to 358.7CDP: median 16.0 across 13 projects16.0RWA13RWA: middle half 9.5 to 341.9RWA: median 25.4 across 13 projects25.4DEX Aggregator12DEX Aggregator: middle half 5.4 to 16.3DEX Aggregator: median 10.3 across 12 projects10.3

Where the fees actually go

A protocol does not keep the fees it collects. Of 507 projects collecting fees, 133 keep less than a tenth of them and 164 keep more than nine tenths. The middle is thin. This is not a spectrum with most of the market in the centre; it is two business models sharing one metric, and which one a project is running changes what its fee line means.

The consequence for valuation is direct. Price-to-fees and price-to-revenue are the same number for a protocol that retains everything, and differ by an order of magnitude for one that passes its fees to liquidity providers. Comparing the two across that divide compares nothing.
Share of fees the protocol keeps0-10% kept by 133 protocols; 10-20% kept by 60 protocols; 20-30% kept by 38 protocols; 30-40% kept by 38 protocols; 40-50% kept by 21 protocols; 50-60% kept by 18 protocols; 60-70% kept by 10 protocols; 70-80% kept by 15 protocols; 80-90% kept by 10 protocols; 90-100% kept by 164 protocolsHow much of its own fees a protocol keeps041821231640-10% kept: 133 protocols1330-1010-20% kept: 60 protocols6010-2020-30% kept: 38 protocols3820-3030-40% kept: 38 protocols3830-4040-50% kept: 21 protocols2140-5050-60% kept: 18 protocols1850-6060-70% kept: 10 protocols1060-7070-80% kept: 15 protocols1570-8080-90% kept: 10 protocols1080-9090-100% kept: 164 protocols16490-100share of fees kept, %

The outliers

Every project on the chart below is measured against the median of its own category, so a chain is judged against chains. The distances are the finding: the dearest project in most categories trades at hundreds or thousands of times its peer median, which is another way of saying that for much of this market the fee line is not what sets the price.
Cheapest and dearest against the category medianDexs: RAM at 0.01x the median, B4FWX at 89,425x; Lending: JOULE at 0.03x the median, CLO at 183x; Chain: TRX at 0.01x the median, PEAQ at 2,109x; Derivatives: AARK at 0.00x the median, JAV at 250x; Liquid Staking: ALPHA at 0.01x the median, APR at 433x; Launchpad: HEDGE at 0.02x the median, SEND at 17,350x; Yield: SANC at 0.01x the median, MGP at 280x; CDP: DAM at 0.03x the median, POLLEN at 223x; RWA: CFG at 0.09x the median, BOSON at 31,669x; DEX Aggregator: VLR at 0.02x the median, GRELF at 22xCheapest and dearest, against their own category medianeach row spans one category, on a log scale; 1x is that category's median0.01x0.1xmedian10x100x1kx10kx100kxDexsRAM is the cheapest in Dexs, 0.01x its medianB4FWX is the dearest in Dexs, 89,425x its medianRAMB4FWX89,425xLendingJOULE is the cheapest in Lending, 0.03x its medianCLO is the dearest in Lending, 183x its medianJOULECLO183xChainTRX is the cheapest in Chain, 0.01x its medianPEAQ is the dearest in Chain, 2,109x its medianTRXPEAQ2,109xDerivativesAARK is the cheapest in Derivatives, 0.00x its medianJAV is the dearest in Derivatives, 250x its medianAARKJAV250xLiquid StakingALPHA is the cheapest in Liquid Staking, 0.01x its medianAPR is the dearest in Liquid Staking, 433x its medianALPHAAPR433xLaunchpadHEDGE is the cheapest in Launchpad, 0.02x its medianSEND is the dearest in Launchpad, 17,350x its medianHEDGESEND17,350xYieldSANC is the cheapest in Yield, 0.01x its medianMGP is the dearest in Yield, 280x its medianSANCMGP280xCDPDAM is the cheapest in CDP, 0.03x its medianPOLLEN is the dearest in CDP, 223x its medianDAMPOLLEN223xRWACFG is the cheapest in RWA, 0.09x its medianBOSON is the dearest in RWA, 31,669x its medianCFGBOSON31,669xDEX AggregatorVLR is the cheapest in DEX Aggregator, 0.02x its medianGRELF is the dearest in DEX Aggregator, 22x its medianVLRGRELF22x

Credits and Disclaimers

Data Source: Protocol fees and revenue are sourced from DefiLlama; token prices, market capitalisation and supply from CoinGecko. Both are read through their public APIs. Historical diluted value is reconstructed as price multiplied by maximum supply, which does not change, so no supply history is required. Methodology: Price-to-fees is fully diluted market capitalisation divided by gross fees over the last 30 days, annualised. Price-to-revenue uses the portion of those fees the protocol retains. A protocol with no token has no multiple and is excluded rather than counted as zero. Categories are DefiLlama's own, taken from the parent protocol so that a project is not filed under one of its adapters. On medians rather than averages: the distribution of multiples is not one a mean describes. Across the set the mean is several thousand times the median and the standard deviation is larger than the mean, so both are reported nowhere in this document. Medians and interquartile ranges are used throughout, and the number of projects behind every figure is stated. On the chain-linked index: each week's move is measured only over the tokens present in both that week and the one before, and those moves are multiplied together. Membership grows as protocols accumulate history, and a token joining never moves the level, so a change in the index is a change in the market rather than a change in who is being measured. The constituent count is stated with the chart and on every row of the underlying series. The whole history is rebuilt each month from the sixty protocols earning the most fees at that time, and scaled so the latest week equals that week's own aggregate. Past weeks are therefore restated from one issue to the next, and a figure in this issue is the series as it stood when the issue was produced. Accuracy Disclaimer: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in this report, FinDaS does not guarantee the completeness, accuracy, or reliability of the data. Users are advised to independently verify the information before making any business decisions based on the content of this report. Not investment advice: This report describes ratios and their history. Nothing in it is a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any asset, and it does not take account of any reader's circumstances. Copyright Notice: This report is the intellectual property of FinDaS and is protected by copyright law. Unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or sharing of this report, in whole or in part, without the explicit permission of FinDaS is strictly prohibited. All rights reserved. Limitation of Liability: FinDaS shall not be held liable for any errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in the data presented in this report, nor for any actions taken in reliance thereon.